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Marketing Mix Strategy
-          Deliver your products or services in a way that satisfies your customers.
-          An effective marketing strategy will help you to define the overall direction and goals for your marketing.
-          Your strategy should articulate how you are going to deliver your products or services in ways that will satisfy your customers.
-          Once you have defended your customers or target market, you need to start developing and implementing tactics to reach them. The marketing mix will make up the tactical elements you will use to carry out your strategy and reach your target market.



Marketing Mix Tactics
Identify the tactical action steps which will turn your strategy into a reality in your marketing plan, using the guide below. The seven tactics below are sometimes referred to as the 7Ps because they all start with the later p.
1. Your product or service
What product or services are you going to offer? Discuss the branding, the packaging (where applicable), and ongoing product or development. You should consider the features and benefits you offer, your unique selling points (What makes your product/service different from everyone else's) and what potential spin-of products of services might be.
2. The pricing of your product or service
Price is a critical part of your marketing mix. Choosing the right price for your products or services will help you to maximize profits and also build strong relationships with your customers. By pricing effectively, you will also avoid the serious financial consequences that can occur if you price too low (not enough profit) or too high (not enough sales).
3. Your positon (place) in the marketplace
Whether it's a retail store, online shop or on social media, 'place' refers to the channels and locations for distributing your product, related information and support services. This is how you will positon your product in the marketplace, it's the location where a product can be purchased. Often referred to as the distribution channel, this can include any physical store (e.g. supermarket) as well as virtual stores (e.g. eBay) online.
4. The promotion of your product of service
How do you promote and market your business now (or intend to)? Regardless of how good your business is, if you don’t promote it and tell people you exist, it’s unlikely you will make many sales. Promotion is about attracting the right people to use and reuse your business. There are a number of techniques to use and they can be combined in various ways to create the most cost effective strategy for your needs. This can include online, branding, public relations and advertising.
5. The people in your business
(e.g. salespeople, staff)
If you have employees in your business, they can influence the marketing of your products and services. Knowledgeable and friendly staff can contribute to creating satisfied customers, and can provide the unique selling experience that an organization is often seeking. If an outstanding team provides a competitive advantage, then the quality of recruitment
6. The process represents the buying experience
Process represents the buying experience the customer gets when they buy your product or service.


7. The physical environment where the good/services are presented

The physical environment where your products or services are sold and delivered can have a significant impact on how your customers' experience your business.

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What is Marketing?
Definition
The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. It includes the coordination of four elements called the 4 P's of marketing:
(1) identification, selection and development of a product,
(2) determination of its price,
(3) selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer's place, and
(4) development and implementation of a promotional strategy.
For example, new Apple products are developed to include improved applications and systems, are set at different prices depending on how much capability the customer desires, and are sold in places where other Apple products are sold.


A-      Met Needs = good companies sell.
B-      Unmet needs = Great companies sells.
Marketing is All about!
1-      Public Relation
2-      Sales Promotion
3-      Advertising
4-      Pricing
5-      Distribution
6-      Profit

Public Relation:
Public relations include ongoing activities to ensure the overall company has a strong public image. Public relations activities include helping the public to understand the company and its products.
How does it differ from advertising?
Public relations are the opposite of advertising. In advertising, you pay to have your message placed in a newspaper, TV or radio spot. In public relations, the article that features your company is not paid for. The reporter, whether broadcast or print, writes about or films your company as a result of information he or she received and researched.

Sales Promotion
Sales promotion aims to provide a short-term boost to sales. Sales promotion looks for alternatives that are more cost-effective - costing less to implement but providing a bigger increase in sales.
There are two basic types of sales promotions
1. Trade Promotions: The schemes, discounts, freebies, commissions and incentives given to the trade (retailers, wholesalers, distributors.) to stock more, push more and hence sell more of a product come under trade promotion.
2. Consumer sales promotions: are advertised in public media to attract consumer’s attention, this schemes are floated mostly in festival times, like EID days New year’s or Christmas.

Advertising
Advertising is a means of communication with the users of a product or service. In today's world, advertising uses every possible media to get its message through.
1.       Television
2.       Print (newspapers, magazines, journals etc)
3.       Radio
4.       Press
5.       Internet (Facebook, Google, Twitter, Instagram, Linked in ….)
6.       Direct selling
7.       Billboards
8.       Mailers
9.       Sponsorships
10.   Posters
11.   Clothes
12.   Colors
13.   visuals and even people.

Pricing
Pricing is the process whereby a business sets the price at which it will sell its products and
services. Pricing is a fundamental aspect of seven Ps of the marketing mix.
A.      Efficient price is a price that is very close to the maximum that customers are prepared to pay
B.      Objectives of Pricing
To achieve the financial goals of the company (i.e. profitability)
To fit the realities of the marketplace (will customers buy at that price?)

Distribution
Distribution channels in marketing are one of the element of “7 Ps of marketing mix” placement (distribution). It helps the companies to expand its reach and grow its revenue.
Types of Distribution.
1.       Business-to-business (B2B) distribution: occurs between a producer and industrial users of raw materials needed for the manufacturer of finished products.
2.       Business-to-customer (B2C) distribution: occurs between the producer and the final user.
 B2B and B2C, Companies can sell through a single distribution channel or through multiple channels that may include:
– Wholesaler/Distributor
– Direct/Internet
– Direct/Sales Team
– Consultant
– Dealer
– Retail
– Sales Agent/Manufacturer’s Representatives
Profit
A financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.
This simple statement is often expressed as the profit identity, which states that
Total profits = total revenue (TR) – total costs (TC)



Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state, from the divisions of race and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture, and from social stability to radical change in whole societies. Unifying the study of these diverse subjects of study is sociology’s purpose of understanding how human action and consciousness both shape and are shaped by surrounding cultural and social structures.
Or Sociology is studying of society.





Stratification of Sociology:
1.      Class: is the economic, social, political power of someone in society. and we have 3 class’s one is upper class (this class makes up around 1 up to 10% of a society and they are Wealthy people or belongs to a recognized family, second is middle class (the middle class includes about 60 to 90 percent of the population and the members of the middle class earn their money by working professional jobs, and they also have college educations and these peoples are managers, doctors, lawyers professors, and teachers, and the third one is lower class ( the lower class make more than 50% population of our country and they may go to college but most of them are workers, drivers, factory worker, carpenter, electrician and police officers.
2.      Race: (is not ethic) the term race refers to groups of people who have differences and similarities in biological traits deemed by society to be socially significant, meaning that people treat other people differently because of them and it’s not because of similarities and differences in eye color it’s because of differences and similarities in skin color like black and white race in USA.
3.      Gender: (Is related to male and female) the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and privilege between men and women
4.      Power: (Power is the social power) Power refers to someone’s ability to get others to do his/her will, regardless of whether or not they want to. Legitimate power, power given to individuals willingly by others, is called authority. Illegitimate power, power taken by force or the threat of force, is called coercion.
5.      Prestige: (is not belongs too many but belongs to personality) Prestige refers to the reputation or esteem associated with one’s position in society. Prestige used to be associated with one's family name, but for most people in developed countries, prestige is now generally tied to one's occupation. Occupations like physicians or lawyers tend to have more prestige associated with them than occupations like bartender or janitor. An individual’s prestige is closely tied to their social class – the higher the prestige of an individual (through their occupation or maybe family name), the higher the social class. These three indicators tend to go hand-in-hand or lead to each other, such as a Supreme Court justice who is usually wealthy, enjoys a great deal of prestige, and exercises significant power. In some cases, however, a person ranks differently on these indicators, such as funeral directors. Their prestige is fairly low, but most have higher incomes than college professors, who are among the most educated people in America and have high prestige.







Key Terms:
1.      Prejudice has to do with the inflexible and irrational attitudes and opinions held by members of one group about another, while discrimination refers to behaviors directed against another group. Being prejudiced usually means having preconceived beliefs about groups of people or cultural practices. Prejudices can either be positive or negative—both forms are usually preconceived and difficult to alter. The negative form of prejudice can lead to discrimination, although it is possible to be prejudiced and not act upon the attitudes. Those who practice discrimination do so to protect opportunities for themselves by denying access to those whom they believe do not deserve the same treatment as everyone else.
2.      Racism:(Sociology) abusive or aggressive behavior towards members of another race on the basis of such a belief.
Social definition of race: Sociologists define race as a concept that is used to signify different types of human bodies. While there is no biological basis for racial classification, sociologists recognize a long history of attempts to organize groups of people based on similar skin color and physical appearance.
3.      Institutional Racism: Institutional racism is a pattern of social institutions — such as governmental organizations, schools, banks, and courts of law — giving negative treatment to a group of people based on their race. Institutional racism leads to inequality; sociologists use the concept to explain why some people face unequal treatment or occupy unequal statuses. One historic example of institutional racism is the barring of African-American students from attending certain public schools, which limited the students' educational opportunities and helped prevent them from achieving a status equal to that of others. Institutional racism need not involve intentional racial discrimination. For example, individual judges might intend to impose similar sentences for similar crimes; yet if Caucasian people tend to receive lighter punishments, plausibly institutional racism occurs.
4.      Minority Status: in society sometimes minority are excluded and sometimes minority exclude majority.



Social institutions
1.      Family: is the first cycle of society and family is small group of society and every human being belongs to family because from birth to dead they are belong to one family.
2.      Religion:Religion is a big part of society.
3.      Economics and politics.
4.      Education


How Sociology did begins:
Sociology is emerged in the middle of 19 century in Europe by August Comte (1798-1858) and he is the father of sociology.
Three factors led to the development of sociology.
1.      Industrial Revolution (Europe was changing from agriculture to productions and peoples moving from villages to the cities).
2.      Travel (people of Europe start traveling around the world and they discovered new nations and cultures.)
3.      Modern Sciences (is a modern of exactitude, is universal, is based on observation, belief is not science, science is logic).
Positivism: is based on scientific methods (which is based on facts and experience).

The law of human progress according to August Comte:
1.      Theological (is the study of religion,
2.      Metaphysical (imaginary) is the science of abstract (abstract is something which is not exist in reality but it's an Idea)
3.      Scientific (is the modern time which is positivism)

Social Statics:
Is the pre social condition of social order and it is based on three factors,
1.      Language
2.      Religion
3.      Division of Labor (giving the right task to the right person according to his/her skills, Specialization: is Bureaucracy: is the classification of the tasks).
Or we can say Social Statics is the unity of Language, Religion and Division of Labor.


Social Dynamic:
Social Dynamic is the study of human progress and evolution, (if we have the social statics then we can move to Social dynamic and there is not social dynamic without having social statics).

We have learned three points from August Comte:
1.      Modern science
2.      Three stages of history
3.      Two concepts of social statics and social dynamic


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